PHÂN BIỆT 'Contain' và 'include'

"One day last winter, Pauline found a wallet not only containing a credit card and an airplane ticket to New Zealandbut but also $2394 in it." Sao trong câu đó lại là "containing" chứ không phải "including"?

Phạm Văn, 12 tháng 8 2010 

Trả lời:

Hai động từ "contain" và "include" có cùng chung một nghĩa là bao gồm nhưng dùng khác nhau.

"Contain" chỉ bao gồm nhằm nghĩa chứa đựng tất cả những gì ở trong (this bottle contains water), còn include tả nhiều món ngoài những món được liệt kê ra (my exercise plan includes running and weight lifting=chương trình tập thể dục của tôi gồm có nhiều món trong đó có chạy và tập tạ).

A. Contain=đựng bên trong, chứa đựng

Whisky contains a large percentage of alcohol=Rượu uít-ki chứa một lượng rượu rất cao.

To contain còn có nghĩa nén hay ngăn chặn, mà include không có.

Contain your anger=xin bạn nén giận

Contain your laughter=xin bạn nín cười

Contain the enemy=ngăn chặn quân thù

-Danh từ:

Containment=sự ngăn chặn

(George Kennan is known to be the father of the article on containment=Nhà ngoại giao George Kennan là người viết một bài về chủ nghĩa be bờ.)

Container=bình, lọ, chai, thùng

B. Include=bao gồm, gồm có, kể cả

His conclusion includes all our ideas=Kết luận của ông ta bao gồm tất cả những ý của chúng tôi.

-Include=kể cả

There are twelve children included (để ý: past participle "included" ở cuối câu)

There are twelve including the children=Có 12 người kể cả trẻ em (để ý: present participle "including" đi sau mệnh đề "There are twelve")

-Tĩnh từ inclusive=bao gồm các thành phần khác nhau

MANCHESTER UNITED CLUB

 Trainee's name: Le Truong Giang

Repaired by Dang Phuong.

Here is the article that I was very pleased. please refer to know the text of his writing style.

Chủ đề 1: Thể thao

Câu lạc bộ Manchester United

      Câu lạc bộ Manchester United thật tuyệt vời ! Đó là những lời nói mà tôi thốt lên mỗi khi câu lạc bộ thi đấu. MU, tên viết tắt của câu lạc bộ ,là đội bóng mà tôi yêu thích từ nhỏ. Với niềm đam mê về thể thao,đặc biệt là đá bóng. Trong một lần tình cờ được xem MU thi đấu. Đó là trận chung kết Champion League với Bayer Munich của Đức. Lúc đó tôi thích MU bởi vì MU có David Beckham người mà rất đẹp trai và đặc biệt có những quả đá phạt tốt nhất thế giới. Trận đấu đó MU đã lội ngược dòng đối thủ ở những phút bù giờ và giành chức vô địch. Sau này khi Beckham ra đi. Tôi vẫn yêu MU và nguyện suốt đời là cổ động viên trung thành của đội bóng. Tôi yêu MU bởi vì lối chơi của họ và đặc biệt là họ có một huấn luyện viên tài giỏi. Đó là Alex Ferguson người mà đã đi vào lịch sử đội bóng. Năm 2010, MU đã giành cúp vô địch Primier League lần thứ 19. Đồng thời họ đã đi vào lịch sử giải đấu là đội bóng vô địch nhiều lần nhất. Với tôi Quỷ đỏ ,biệt danh của đội bóng,sẽ mãi mãi trong tôi

Topic 1: SPORT

Manchester United Club

What is a great Manchester United Club ! The spoken words which I told everytime Club compete . MU , the abbreviated name of  the club ,Football team which I like since childhood.With  a passion for sport,Specialty football. Once accidentally see MU play. That is Champion League final with Bayer Munich of Germany. Then I was interested in MU because MU had David Beckham who is very handsome and specially is the best in the world with has shootings the ball. That match, MU came back to win the competitor in the end minutes and won the Champion. Afterwards Beckham have gone out. I still love MU and throughout the life is loyal fan of Club. I love MU because their way to play and specialty  coach  is very well. He is Alex Ferguson who has gone in club history. In 2010, MU won the nineteenth Premier League. At the same time they went in history association for their glorious feat of arms with many times champion best. With me ,Red Devil which is club’s nickname, will be forever in my heart

DISCOVERY ABOUT HOI AN ANCIENT TOWN (4/9/2011)

Hoi An Ancient Town(World Cultural Heritage)

Old home in Hoi An

 Hoi An is the place the last leg of us with the tour at the holidays on 4/9/2011; I was really impressed with the ancient streets, ancient houses here. Contact with the homeowners, we see clearly the nation's pride the people here, proud of their ancestors over many generations.

Hoi An is an old town down the Thu Bon River, on the coastal plain of Quang Nam Province, about 30 km south of Danang City. Hoi An used to be known on the international market with many different names such as Lam Ap, Faifo, Hoai Pho and Hoi An.

What is so special about Hoi An is that this little port town is in an incredible state of preservation. It offers some of the most densely-concentrated sights in Vietnam with its old streets bordered with ancient houses and assembly halls, its pagodas, temples, ancient wells and tombs. In total, more than a thousand places of interest. The architecture of Hoi An is characterised by a harmonious blend of Vietnamese, Chinese and Japanese influences. After many centuries, Hoi An is still respectful of its traditions, folk festivals, beliefs and of its sophisticated culinary art. Set in a quiet environment, Hoi An is surrounded by peaceful villages that have crafts such as carpentry, bronze making, ceramic ...

Researchers said most of the buildings in Hoi An underwent restoration at the beginning of the 19th century, even if they might be constructed long time ago. The ancient architecture shown most clearly in the Ancient Town that located in Minh An Ward. It covers about 2 square kilometres and almost of all famous relics in Hoi An are gathered here. The streets are very short and narrow, having a winding, crossing as the chessboard style. The topography of the ancient town tilt gradually from north to south. The buildings in the old town is built mostly with traditional materials such as: brick, wood and no more than two floors. The traces of time is able to find not only on the architectural design of each building but also everywhere like: on the yin-yang roof tiles covered with moss and plants; the old gray mold walls; the pictures carved on a strange animal, or describing a old story… Having inherited a multi-cultural architecture so varied and sophisticated, Hoi An must have attracted numerous and talented workers in carpentry, ceramics, and woodcarving from China, Japan and other regions of Vietnam.

For centuries, Hoi An had developed into a melting pot of various nationalities who came to the area, bringing along their own cultures. Accordingly, Hoi An features the co-existence of indigenous customs and habits and those imported by foreign settlers.

There are animist cults, of the Genie-Whale and worship of deities of natural phenomena (such as rain, wind, thunder), but also the worship of Holy Protectors like Thien Hau, Quan Cong, Bao Sinh Dai De, Avalokitesvara, especially among the Chinese community. They hold regular festivals or cultural and religious activities on the occasion of Tet Nguyen Tieu (the 16th day of the 1st lunar month), Thanh Minh (3rd lunar month), Doan Ngo (the 5th day of the 5th lunar month), Trung Thu (the 15th day of the 8th lunar month), Trung Cuu (the 9th day of the 9th lunar month), and Ha Nguyen (the 15th day of the 10th lunar month).

The social and cultural diversity adds up to the uniqueness of Hoi An’s inhabitants.

Rich in traditions and early exposed to the outside world, the Hoi An people feature a unique cultural identity, which has been well preserved from generation to generation. Lives of people who stay here incline to be interior with subtle quiet. In the mind of the natives of Hoi An, this town constitutes a large ancient home that shelters a big family of many descendants including hospitable dwellers, friendly hosts and hostesses, kind-hearted women, obedient children and so on. They together form a harmonious community who has lived peacefully side by side through successive generations.

Upon reaching Hoi An, visitors will immediately feel the hospitality and friendship the locals extend to them. One thing that has withstood the test of time, one thing that the Hoi An people today can be proud of and therefore, make every efforts to preserve is their popular ho (chants) and age-old cultural festivals. Among them, the "Nights of Hoi An" is held on the 14th night of every lunar month. Visitors can immerse themselves in a festive atmosphere imbued with the traditional identities of Hoi An.

The architectural significance of Hoi An has been recognized by UNESCO, during the 23rd Congress which took place in Marrakech (Morocco) from the 29th of November to the 4th of December 2009, since the town was officially listed as a World Cultural Heritage.

DISCOVERY ABOUT HUE MONUMENTS (2/9)

Complex of Hue Monuments    (World Cultural Heritage)

According to the tourist guide of Viet Travel, On 2/9/2011 & 4/9/2011 we were díscoveried Hue monument meticulously and interesting.

Below I will tell you about Hue in other that you can visit this places.

Complex of Hue Monuments lies along the Perfume River in Hue City and some adjacent areas of Thua Thien Hue Province. Hue City constitutes the cultural, political and economic centre of the province, and was the old imperial city of Vietnam under the Nguyen Dynasty from 1802 to 1945.

Since 1306, after the wedding of the princess Huyen Tran of the Tran Dynasty with Che Man, the Cham King, the territories of Chau O and Chau Ly (comprised of Quang Tri, Thua Thien - Hue and part of Northern Quang Nam today) took the name of Thuan Hoa. In the second half of the 15^th century, under the reign of King Le Thanh Tong, the name of "Hue" appeared for the first time. In 1636, the residence of the Nguyen Lords was settled at Kim Long (Hue). In 1687, it was transferred to Phu Xuan – where is the Citadel today. Early in the 18^th century, Phu Xuan became the political, economic and cultural centre of the southern part of Vietnam. Then, from 1788 to 1801, it became the capital of the Tay Son Dynasty.

From 1802 to 1945, Hue was the capital of unified Vietnam under the reign of the 13 Nguyen Kings. During these years, architectural works of a high cultural and historic value were built: the Citadel, especially the Imperial City (including 253 constructions), 7 Royal tomb compound of 9 kings of the Nguyen Dynasty, the Esplanade of Nam Giao, the Ho Quyen arena and the Hon Chen Temple.

Cultural values

Located in the centre of Hue, along the Perfume (Huong) River’s northern bank, the complex of royal architecture represents and demonstrates the power of the Nguyen Dynasty's centralism. Contained in this complex are Kinh Thanh Hue (the Hue Capital Citadel), Hoang Thanh (the Royal Citadel or Imperial City) and Tu Cam Thanh (the Forbidden Citadel) clustered together, symmetrically placed along the longitudinal axis and facing to the south.

The system of walls combines sophisticatedly both eastern and western architectural styles placed in natural harmony with Ngu Binh Mount, Perfume River, Gia Vien and Boc Thanh islets. Even people implicitly consider these natural landscapes as a part of the complex.

Surrounded by a square wall, almost 600 metres in length on each side, the Imperial City has four gates, of which the south gate (Ngo Mon) is most typical in construction and is widely seen and recognized as the symbol of Hue Citadel. It served not only as the main entrance but was also the place where important events of the dynasty took place. Within the area of the Imperial City, the Forbidden Citadel was the area reserved for daily activities of the royal family.

The main north-south axis, called Than dao (miraculous road), runs through the three walls of the Hue Capital Citadel, Imperial City and Forbidden Citadel and was marked with the important constructions of Hue Citadel. Hundred of small and large buildings were built symmetrically along this axis in harmony with their natural surroundings gives one a feeling of gentle and serenity.  These buildings include Nghinh Luong Pavilion (Pavilion for Fresh Air), Phu Van Lau (or the Pavilion of Edicts was the building where Emperor's edicts and lists of successful candidates of Thi Hoi (National Examination) and Thi Dinh (Court Examinations) were publicised), Ky Dai (Flag Tower), Ngo Mon Gate (the main entrance), Thai Hoa Palace (The Throne Palace, or Palace of the Supreme Harmony, was the building for great court's meetings), Can Chanh Palace (the place for every day working of Emperors), Can Thanh Palace (Emperor's Private Palace), Khon Thai Residence (Queen's Private Apartment), Kien Trung Pavilion (the place for daily activities of Emperors)...

In the distance, to the west of the Capital Citadel, along the Perfume River, are the famous royal tombs and temples, masterpieces in landscape architecture built by the Nguyen Dynasty. Each royal tomb aimed at creating a living place for royal pleasure before becoming an eternal resting place after the king’s death. This resulted in the architecture of royal tombs in Hue being distinguished by unique characteristics.

Each tomb reflects its owner’s life and character: the magnificence of Gia Long’s tomb in the immense landscape of mountains and jungles represents the spirit of a general in war; the symmetry and majesty of Minh Mang’s tomb combiners both man-made and natural mountains and lakes and reveals the powerful will and solemn nature of a talented politician who was also an orderly poet; the peaceful and sombre qualities of Thieu Tri’s tomb reflects the innermost feelings of an outstanding poet who made few achievements in political life; the romance and poetic atmosphere of Tu Duc’s tomb  evoke the elegant and subtle tendency of a poet rather than the strong characteristic of a politician.

In addition, place-names that embellish for the beauty of the Complex of Hue Monuments can be named as: Huong River, Ngu Binh Mountain, Thien Mu Pagoda, Bach Ma Mountain, the Thuan An and Lang Co Beaches...

At the meeting of the 17th session of the World Heritage Committee (WHC) in Columbia, from the 6th to the 11th of December 1993, UNESCO has come to the decision of recognising the architectural ensemble of Hue as a world cultural heritage. This was a noteworthy event in the cultural history. For the reason that Hue is the first site in Vietnam ever listed in the World Heritage list.

As to the cultural value, a World Cultural Heritage Site, like the Complex of Hue Monuments, has to:

- Be representative of an original artistic achievement, a masterpiece created by Man’s hands;

- Have a great value for its building technique or its architecture in a general development plan for a city or in a program for the embellishment of the sight of a world cultural zone;

- Be representative of an architectural ensemble of an important historical period; Be closely related to important events, to ideas or beliefs having a great influence or to famous historical personalities.

THIÊN MỤ PAGODA The name of the pagoda comes from a legend: a long ago, an old woman appeared on the hill where the pagoda stands today. She told local people that a Lord would come and build a Buddhist pagoda for the country's prosperity. Lord Nguyen Hoang, on hearing that, ordered the construction of the pagoda of the "Heavenly Lady". The pagoda is situated on Ha Khe hill, on the left bank of the Perfume River, in Huong Long village, 5km from Hue city.
It was built in 1601, and then Lord Nguyen Phuc Tan had it renovated in 1665. In 1710, Lord Nguyen Phuc Chu had a great bell cast (2.5m high, 3.285kg) and in 1715, he had a stele (2.58 m high) erected on the back of a marble tortoise. Several kings of the Nguyen Dynasty such as Gia Long, Minh Mang, Thieu Tri and Thanh Thai, all had the pagoda restored. Phuoc Duyen tower (at first called Tu Nhan tower) was erected in 1884 by King Thieu Tri. This octagonal tower has seven storeys (2m high). Dai Hung shrine, the main-hall, presents a magnificent architecture. As well as bronze cast statues, it shelters some precious antiques: the bronze gong cast in 1677, the wooden gilded board with Lord Nguyen Phuc Chu's inscriptions (1714). On both sides of the pagoda are a room for the bonzes and a guest-room for visitors. The pagoda is surrounded by flowers and ornamental plants. At the far end of the garden stretches a calm and romantic pine-tree forest. The pagoda was heavily damaged in 1943. Bonze Thich Don Hau hence organised a great renovation of the pagoda, that lasted for more than 30 years. Nowadays the pagoda is very well-maintained and very welcoming to all visitor In the closing report of the above-mentioned meeting, the WHC has briefly assessed the value of Hue as follows:

"The architecture of Hue, which has been the Capital of a unified Vietnam, built at about the beginning of the 19th century, combines the oriental philosophy with the traditions of Vietnam. Intimately mingled with the natural environment, the beauty and special richness of the architecture and decorative art of the building are an original image of the Vietnamese monarchy at its most prosperous period".

In here, we enjoyed a plenty of local special foods such as thin cakes (bánh bèo); finest flour cakes (bánh lọc), Nậm cakes...especially is plain rice flan (bánh khoái), Imperial tea. We hailed 2 pedicabs in order for 2 couples to enjoy seeing sight by night.  

After a night visit the food fair at night and I was seen my friends -  college roommates-Thu Uyen, a good friend from the university. we were very happy after a long separation time. After that we came back the Hue Smile hotel. Later that evening, my husband also enjoy the extra a Hue beef noodle soup dish (bun bo hue) before went to bed. 

Tomb of Khai Dinh Emperor Khai Dinh came to the throne in 1916 and he chose the slope of Chau Chu mountain (also called Chau E), 10 km from Hue, as the location to build his tomb. The construction of the tomb was started on September 4th 1920 and lasted for 11 years. In comparison with those of the preceding emperors, Khai Dinh’s tomb is much smaller in surface (117m x 48.5m) but it is very elaborate. It is the result of the interminglement of many architectural trends: European and Asian, as well as ancient and modern. The rear room of the Khai Thanh palace constitutes the main temple, which contains the statue of Khai Dinh, his grave and his altar. The tomb of Khai is one of the most surprising among the royal tombs of Hue. The overall construction of the tomb is an emerging rectangular structure with 127 steps, leaning against the mountain.- Entering the tomb area, one should climb a 37 steps gate with the biggest dragons in the country forming the side walls. In the courtyard, line two rows of left and right altar built according to traditional configuration of "double storeys with eight roofs", but all the rafters are made of reinforced concrete. Climbing 29 further steps, one is reaching the imperial audience court, in the centre of which stands the octagonal stele monument also made of reinforced concrete. On both sides of the courtyard, two rows of statues are facing towards the court center. In addition to these statues, similar to those of the other tombs, there are six more couples representing bodyguard soldiers. These statues are made of stone, a material very rare in Khai Dinh's tomb.  The courtyard is flanked on both sides by two high and imposing pillars. You have to go up three more levels in order to reach the altar monument. The Khai Thanh Palace is the main room of the Thien Dinh palace, which contains many connecting rooms. The walls are densely decorated and inlaid with elaborate glass and porcelain designs. The floor is covered with enameled flowers bricks and the ceiling is painted with nine dragons, appearing in fine fleeting clouds.

Tên tiếng Anh của các Bộ, cơ quan ngang Bộ ở Việt Nam

Nước Cộng hòa xã chủ nghĩa Việt Nam và khẩu hiệu (motto) Độc lập - Tự do - Hạnh Phúc được viết bằng tiếng Anh như thế nào?

Câu trả lời xin dành cho bạn - người đọc bài viết này. Ở đây chúng ta sẽ tìm hiểu tên tiếng Anh của các Bộ và cơ quan ngang Bộ ở nước ta.

Nếu đã từng đọc báo tiếng Anh, chắc chắn ít nhất một lần bạn đã bắt gặp đâu đó các thuật ngữ được liệt kê dưới đây.

1. Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development
   Bộ Nông nghiệp và Phát triển Nông thôn (Bộ Trưởng hiện nay: Cao Đức Phát)
2. Ministry of Construction
   Bộ Xây dựng (Nguyễn Hồng Quân)
3. Ministry of Culture, Sports & Tourism
   Bộ Văn hóa, Thể thao và Du lịch (Hoàng Tuấn Anh)
4. Ministry of Education & Training
   Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo (Nguyễn Thiện Nhân)
5. Ministry of Finance
   Bộ Tài chính (Vũ Văn Ninh)
6. Ministry of Foreign Affairs
   Bộ Ngoại giao (Phạm Gia Khiêm)
7. Ministry of Industry & Trade
   Bộ Công thương (Vũ Huy Hoàng)
8. Ministry of Information & Communications
   Bộ Thông tin và Truyền thông (Lê Doãn Hợp)
9. Ministry of Interior
   Bộ Nội vụ (Trần Văn Tuấn)
10. Ministry of Justice
    Bộ Tư pháp (Hà Hùng Cường)
11. Ministry of Labor, War Invalids, & Social Welfare
    Bộ Lao động, Thương binh và Xã hội (Nguyễn Thị Kim Ngân)
12. Ministry of National Defense
    Bộ Quốc phòng (Đại tướng Phùng Quang Thanh)
13. Ministry of Natural Resources & Environment
    Bộ Tài nguyên và Môi trường (Phạm Khôi Nguyên)
14. Ministry of Planning & Investment
    Bộ Kế hoạch và Đầu tư (Võ Hồng Phúc)
15. Ministry of Public Health
    Bộ Y tế (Nguyễn Quốc Triệu)
16. Ministry of Public Security
    Bộ Công an (Lê Hồng Anh)
17. Ministry of Science & Technology
    Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ (Hoàng Văn Phong)
18. Ministry of Transport
    Bộ Giao thông vận tải (Hồ Nghĩa Dũng)
19. Government Inspectorate
    Thanh tra Chính phủ (Tổng Thanh tra hiện nay: Trần Văn Truyền)
20. Office of the Government
    Văn phòng Chính phủ (Bộ trưởng, Chủ nhiệm hiện nay: Nguyễn Xuân Phúc)
21. Ethnic Minorities Committe
    Ủy ban Dân tộc (Bộ trưởng, Chủ nhiệm hiện nay: Giàng Seo Phử)
    Có khi còn được viết: Committee for Ethnic Minorities
22. State Bank
    Ngân hàng Nhà nước (Thống đốc hiện nay: Nguyễn Văn Giàu)

DISCOVERY ABOUT Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park

TUAN ANH (Photo by Quoc Phong)

My husband went to Phong Nha - Ke Bang on 3/9/2011. What a pity that I have to stay in Hue whole that day because of motion sickness.
No matter what it is, we also had a great traveling within that holidays

Below I will tell you about it through seeing from my husband - Tuấn Anh and the pictures was taken by Mr. Quốc Phong (his colleague)

Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park   (World Natural Heritage List)

Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park lies in Quang Binh Province - the central Vietnam. Covering an area of about 200,000 hectares, Phong Nha – Ke Bang situated in Quang Ninh, Bo Trach, Tuyen Hoa and Minh Hoa districts, is 50km northwest of Dong Hoi City.

Phong Nha - Ke Bang can be compared to a huge geological museum thanks to its complicated geological structure with different categories of stone including sandstone, quartz, schist, siliceous limestone, granite, granodiorite, diorite, applet, pegmatite, etc. Phong Nha-Ke Bang is the oldest and largest tropical karst formed 400 million years during the main geological periods of the Earth, bearing the original topographic and geologic characteristics. Experiencing major tectonic phases, high mountain ranges and the depressed sedimentary basins were formed. These fluctuations have also contributed to the diversity of geology, topography, geomorphology.

Phong Nha - Ke Bang karst mountains can provide a lot of valuable information about the Earth's prolonged geological process through various periods, from the Paleozoic (about 400 million year ago) to the Carboniferous and Permian (340-240 million years ago). It is also noteworthy to mention a geological characteristic – the system of underground rivers and grottos in limestone mountains.

In the non-karst geomorphologic area, there are many low mountains covered by a floristic carpet. The erosion has created a number of abrasion-accumulation terraces along the valleys of the Son and Chay rivers and at the margins of the central limestone massifs. The transition terrain consists of a diversity of rock intercalated by limestone mountains.

Besides the historical value of geology, topography, geomorphology, Phong Nha - Ke Bang is also favoured with the mysterious and majestic landscapes by nature. The Phong Nha–Ke Bang Natural Park still hides various myths of nature. It also has spectacular karst caves formed for hundreds of millions of years.

Locating in the area with a high average rainfall, however, few rivers and streams can be seen because water is absorbed to run inside limestone mountains. Therefore over tens of million years, water has eroded rocks, creating numerous caves in the area. The Phong Nha grotto system has evaluated as the most value in the world by the British Cave Research Association (BCRA) which held several world cave records, as it has the longest underground river, highest and widest entrance, the most beautiful sand and rock banks, the most magnificent and fanciful stalactites and stalagmites.

Phong Nha-Ke Bang area is noted for its cave and grotto systems as it is composed of 300 caves and grottos, divided into three main systems: Phong Nha Grottos, Vom Caves, and Ruc Mon Caves.

The Phong Nha grotto system is 40km long in total, rising from south of Ke Bang Limestone Mountain. The main entrances are Khe Ry and En Grottoes situated at a height of 300m above sea level. The grottoes of this tree-branch system run in the direction of northeast-southwest.

The system of Vom caves is over 30km long, rising from Ruc Ca Roong Cave located at a height of 360m above sea level and ending with Vom Cave. The system runs south and north. Ruc Ca Roong River sometimes hides in mountains, sometimes appears in narrow and deep valleys, and flows into the Chay River at the entrance of Vom Cave.

The system of Ruc Mon caves that lies in the district of Minh Hoa is also a large cave. However, the information about this system is not abundant because few surveys have been conducted in this area so far.

Next to the Phong Nha Grotto is Tien Son Cave - also known as Dry Grotto or Upper Phong Nha, a famous beautiful cave in Phong Nha – Ke Bang area - where features spectacular stalactites and stalagmites shaped like several fairy-tales. In addition, the Thien Duong Cave remains untouched, with a very splendid beauty, longer and larger than Phong Nha or Tien Son Grottos. Especially, Son Dong Cave is one of the most newly-found caves in the national park that found by a British expedition in April 2009. It is regarded as the largest cave in the world. The biggest chamber of Son Dong is over five kilometers in length, 200 meters high and 150 meters wide.

With its characteristics of topography, climate, soil and hydrography, Phong Nha - Ke Bang boasts a rich, diversified and unique flora. Investigations show that Phong Nha - Ke Bang has a large tropical forest floor. It covers 96.2 percent of the natural area, of which nearly 90 percent is covered by primeval forests. The diversity of rare and precious species of animals and plants in Phong Nha - Ke Bang is corollary of its natural conditions, and is a feature of the forest ecosystem.

Statistics show that the flora of Phong Nha - Ke Bang belongs to 152 families, 511 branches, and 876 species, including 38 listed in Vietnam’s Red Book, 25 in IUCN’s Red Book (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) and 13 endemic species.

A very important discovery in this national park is three rare and precious species – Sao la, Mang lon and Mang Truong Son - were founded in this area. Especially, Sao la and Mang lon are new species discovered in the world. Of the 81 recorded reptile and amphibian species, 18 are listed in Vietnam’s Red Book and 6 in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. In addition, there are 259 butterfly species, 72 fish species including 4 endemic ones in Quang Binh only and one first found in Vietnam; 302 bird species including 15 species listed in Vietnam’s Red Book and 19 in IUCN Red Book. Particularly, black-comb blue pheasants (ga loi lam mau den), white-tail blue pheasants (ga loi lam duoi trang) and peacocks are the global-level endangered species. Phong Nha - Ke Bang is considered a huge biological museum in Vietnam.

With its vivid evidences of the Earth's formation, geological, topographic and geomorphologic history, mysterious landscapes and the bio-diversity of the national park as well as its unique historical and cultural values, Phong Nha – Ke Bang has been declared a world natural heritage by UNESCO at the 27^th meeting in Paris in July 2003.